Towards Environmental Sustainability: Assessing Solid Waste Management Practices in Baguio City's Business Sector
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55927/eajmr.v4i4.90Keywords:
Solid Waste Management, Baguio City, Republic Act 9003, Business Practices, Environmental AwarenessAbstract
This study examined solid waste management practices by business owners in the Central Business District of Baguio City. The objective was to evaluate the level of awareness of the prohibitions in Republic Act 9003 and compliance with waste management practices. Using a quantitative descriptive research design, data was collected from 217 respondents through a survey. Results showed a high level of awareness and strong adherence to basic practices such as waste segregation. However, challenges still exist in hazardous waste management and product return programs. This study emphasizes the importance of continued education to improve understanding of technical aspects and encourage further compliance.
References
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Atienza, M. (2020). The Philippines: A developing country facing the challenges of a developed world. In M. M. Bautista, M. A. Maxino Jr., & J. C. Gonzalez (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of the Philippine Economy (pp. 21-34). Routledge.
Atienza, V. (2011). Review of the waste management system in the Philippines: Initiatives to promote waste segregation and recycling through good governance. In M. Kojima & E. Michida (Eds.), Economic integration and recycling in Asia: An interim report (pp. 65-97). Institute of Developing Economies.
Carter, R. (2001). Sustainable development in the XXI century: The salient issues. Environmental Science & Policy, 4(4), 335-342. [doi: 10.1016/S1462-9011(01)00021-7](doi: 10.1016/S1462-9011(01)00021-7)
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Dela Peña, M. A., Mariacos, J. B., & Malit, L. S. (2024). Solid waste management awareness and practices in Baguio Central University: Provision of a functional solid waste management program. Multidisciplinary International Journal of Research and Development, 3(5), 177-190.
Diener, S., Semiyaga, S., Niwagaba, C., Muspratt, A. D., & Gning, J. B. (2014). Waste-to-energy technologies for a circular economy in developing countries. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 16(2), 270-282. [doi: 10.1007/s10161-013-0200-y](doi: 10.1007/s10161-013-0200-y)
Environmental Management Bureau (EMB). (2015, September). Republic Act No. 9003. https://nswmc.emb.gov.ph/
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Guerrero, L. A., Maas, G., & Hogland, W. (2013). Solid waste management challenges for cities in developing countries. Waste Management, 33(1), 220-232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2012.09.008
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Morelli, J. (2011). Green technology and sustainable development. Business Horizons, 54(5), 401-410. [doi: 10.1016/j.bushor.2011.03.004](doi: 10.1016/j.bushor.2011.03.004)
Philippine News Agency. (2023, July 10). More waste segregation efforts pushed to cut costs by 65%. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1221049
Refuerzo, A. (2023, July 10). Baguio City urges public to help improve waste segregation. City Information Office, Baguio City.
Servando, M. T. (2011). Climate change adaptation in the Philippines: Policies and priority areas for action. In D. A. Hughes (Ed.), Climate Change in the Philippines (pp. 209-231). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
See, D. A. (2020, February 14). Baguio City embraces BIDAKA program for livelihood and waste management. Baguio Midland Courier.
Singhirunnusorn, V., Uthayakumar, M., Sungkhachot, S., Saengsuwan, O., & Kruatrachue, M. (2012). Municipal solid waste management in Thailand: A review and the way forward. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 201-202, 1-13. [doi: 10.1016/j.
Subramanyam, R., & Greenfield, P. F. (2008). Business and sustainable development: Local, national and global perspectives (2nd ed.). Palgrave Macmillan.
Tabangin, D. R. (2024, November 7). Baguio City convenes stakeholders for circular economy portfolio co-design and work planning session. City Planning, Development and Sustainability Office, Baguio City.
Tuazon, S. B., & Panday, D. M. B. (2024). Waste management of Baguio City as disaster mitigation. Research and Development Center, University of Baguio. https://rdc.ubaguio.edu/waste-management-of-baguio-city-as-disaster-mitigation/
UNDP Philippines. (2024, November 17). Baguio City convenes stakeholders for circular economy portfolio co-design and work planning session for the Green LGUs Project. https://www.undp.org/philippines/press-releases/baguio-city-convenes-stake holders-circular-economy-portfolio-co-design-and-work-planning-session-green-lgus -project
Adams, W. M. (2009). The World Conservation Strategy: An unsustainable framework for development. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 99(3), 608-620. [doi: 10.1080/00040000802237261](doi: 10.1080/00040000802237261)
Anand, S. (2010). Municipal solid waste management in India: A review of the literature and future thrust areas. Journal of Environmental Management, 91(10), 2069-2089. [doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.05.007](doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.05.007)
Atienza, M. (2020). The Philippines: A developing country facing the challenges of a developed world. In M. M. Bautista, M. A. Maxino Jr., & J. C. Gonzalez (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of the Philippine Economy (pp. 21-34). Routledge.
Atienza, V. (2011). Review of the waste management system in the Philippines: Initiatives to promote waste segregation and recycling through good governance. In M. Kojima & E. Michida (Eds.), Economic integration and recycling in Asia: An interim report (pp. 65-97). Institute of Developing Economies.
Carter, R. (2001). Sustainable development in the XXI century: The salient issues. Environmental Science & Policy, 4(4), 335-342. [doi: 10.1016/S1462-9011(01)00021-7](doi: 10.1016/S1462-9011(01)00021-7)
Chen, A., & McBean, E. A. (2016). Municipal solid waste management in China. Waste Management, 52, 465-482. [doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.04.008](doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.04.008)
Dang, T. (2021). Baguio City sanitation improvement project: How policy, institutional and regulatory reforms can support more inclusive sanitation. Asian Development Bank. https://events.development.asia/system/files/materials/2021/04/202104-baguio -city-sanitation-improvement-project-how-policy-institutional-and-regulatory-reform s.pdf
Dela Peña, M. A., Mariacos, J. B., & Malit, L. S. (2024). Solid waste management awareness and practices in Baguio Central University: Provision of a functional solid waste management program. Multidisciplinary International Journal of Research and Development, 3(5), 177-190.
Diener, S., Semiyaga, S., Niwagaba, C., Muspratt, A. D., & Gning, J. B. (2014). Waste-to-energy technologies for a circular economy in developing countries. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 16(2), 270-282. [doi: 10.1007/s10161-013-0200-y](doi: 10.1007/s10161-013-0200-y)
Environmental Management Bureau (EMB). (2015, September). Republic Act No. 9003. https://nswmc.emb.gov.ph/
Gandalera-Alos, G. C. (2023). A case study of solid waste management in the Central Business District of La Trinidad, Benguet. International Journal of Novel Research and Development, 8(6), 731-739. https://www.ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2306084.pdf
Guerrero, L. A., Maas, G., & Hogland, W. (2013). Solid waste management challenges for cities in developing countries. Waste Management, 33(1), 220-232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2012.09.008
Henry, R. K., Yongsheng, Z., & Jun, M. (2006). Municipal solid waste management in China: Challenges and strategic options. Journal of Environmental Management, 78(4), 129-135. [doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2005.04.001](doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2005.04.001)
Kibert, D. J., Sendzimir, J., & Guy, B. (2000). Waste to wealth: The viability of waste-to-energy in the United States. BioCycle, 41(5), 64-69.
Lunag, C. M. R., Canivel, Q. R. E., & Siocson, A. T. M. (2019). Sustainable solid waste management: A case study in Metro Cebu, Philippines. International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture, 8(4), 425-438. [doi: 10.1007/s40093-019-00327-z](doi: 10.1007/s40093-019-00327-z)
Malik, A., & Grohmann, T. (2011). The relationship between environmental regulation and technological innovation—empirical analysis for OECD countries. Ecological Economics, 70(11), 2384-2393. [doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.06.021](doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.06.021)
McDougall, F., White, P., & Franke, M. (2018). Integrated waste management: Balancing disposal and recovery for sustainable resource management. Routledge.
Miller, T. R., Adams, B. J., Arevalo, J. M., Brockman, A. J., Johnson, D. M., Mabry, J. M., ... Wiebe, E. (2006). Creating sustainable university communities. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 7(1), 9-44. [doi: 10.1162/1467347061/1758421](doi: 10.1162/1467347061/1758421)
Minghua, Z., Xuesong, G., Bicheng, X., & Lei, Y. (2009). Municipal solid waste management in China: Status, challenges and management strategies. Journal of Environmental Management, 90(8), 2399-2407. [doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.12.008](doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.12.008)
Morelli, J. (2011). Green technology and sustainable development. Business Horizons, 54(5), 401-410. [doi: 10.1016/j.bushor.2011.03.004](doi: 10.1016/j.bushor.2011.03.004)
Philippine News Agency. (2023, July 10). More waste segregation efforts pushed to cut costs by 65%. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1221049
Refuerzo, A. (2023, July 10). Baguio City urges public to help improve waste segregation. City Information Office, Baguio City.
Servando, M. T. (2011). Climate change adaptation in the Philippines: Policies and priority areas for action. In D. A. Hughes (Ed.), Climate Change in the Philippines (pp. 209-231). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
See, D. A. (2020, February 14). Baguio City embraces BIDAKA program for livelihood and waste management. Baguio Midland Courier.
Singhirunnusorn, V., Uthayakumar, M., Sungkhachot, S., Saengsuwan, O., & Kruatrachue, M. (2012). Municipal solid waste management in Thailand: A review and the way forward. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 201-202, 1-13. [doi: 10.1016/j.
Subramanyam, R., & Greenfield, P. F. (2008). Business and sustainable development: Local, national and global perspectives (2nd ed.). Palgrave Macmillan.
Tabangin, D. R. (2024, November 7). Baguio City convenes stakeholders for circular economy portfolio co-design and work planning session. City Planning, Development and Sustainability Office, Baguio City.
Tuazon, S. B., & Panday, D. M. B. (2024). Waste management of Baguio City as disaster mitigation. Research and Development Center, University of Baguio. https://rdc.ubaguio.edu/waste-management-of-baguio-city-as-disaster-mitigation/
UNDP Philippines. (2024, November 17). Baguio City convenes stakeholders for circular economy portfolio co-design and work planning session for the Green LGUs Project. https://www.undp.org/philippines/press-releases/baguio-city-convenes-stake holders-circular-economy-portfolio-co-design-and-work-planning-session-green-lgus -project
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Copyright (c) 2025 Marilou A. Dela Peña, Lorelie S. Malit, Jolly B. Mariacos, Warren G. Moyao
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